Forensic toxicology holds a crucial role in criminal investigations. These skilled professionals analyze bodily fluids and tissues to detect the presence of harmful substances. Their expertise may help pinpoint the cause of death, reveal potential foul play, and ultimately assist law enforcement in solving complex cases. A forensic toxicologist's

Before modern classification systems, scientists faced challenges in the known elements. One early attempt was made by Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner, a German chemist who noticed a striking pattern among certain groups of chemicals. He proposed that three elements with similar traits could be grouped together as these sets, forming the basis for his